Art Production
Art History
Art Criticism
Aesthetics
The Elements of Art
Value: refers to dark and light. Value contrast helps us to see and understand a two dimensional work of art. This type can be read because of the contrast of dark letters and light paper. Value contrast is also evident in colors, which enables us to read shapes in painting.
Color: An Element of Art made up of three distinct qualities: hue, the color name, e.g., red, yellow, blue; intensity, the purity and brightness of a color, e.g., bright red or dull red; and value, the lightness or darkness of a color.
Line: Line is a mark made by a pointed tool - brush, pencil, stick, pen, etc. It has length and width, but its width is very tiny compared to its length. Lines often suggest movement in a drawing. Lines can be expressive and suggestive.
Shape: is an area that is contained within an implied line, or is seen and identified because of color or value changes. Shapes have two dimensions, length and height, and can be geometric or organic. Design in painting is basically the planned arrangement of shapes in a work of art.
Space: Element of Art where space in an art work can be the area around, within or between images or elements. Space can be created on a two-dimensional surface by using such techniques as overlapping, object size, placement, color intensity and value, detail and diagonal lines.
Texture: refers to the surface quality, both simulated and actual, of artwork. Techniques used in painting serve to show texture, i.e. the dry brush technique produces a rough simulated quality and heavy application of pigment with brush or other implement produces a rough actual quality. See Implied Texture.
Form: An Element of Art which describes volume and mass or the three dimensional qualities of an object in space. Depiction of an objects curves, angles, indentations, extensions and edges.
The Principles of Design
Balance: A principle of design, it refers to a way of combining art elements to create a feeling of equilibrium or stability in a work. Arranging the visual elements in a work of art to achieve harmony and proportion.
Contrast: A principle of design, closely related to Emphasis, which refers to differences in values, colors, textures, shapes and other elements of art. A combination of the elements of art in a manner which stresses the differences between those elements which creates visual excitement and adds interest to the art. Opposites such as light and dark, small and large or few and many.
Pattern: Principle of Design which uses the Elements of Art in planned or random repetitions to enhance surfaces of paintings or sculptures. Patterns often occur in nature and artist use similar repeated motifs to increase visual excitement.
Movement: A Principle of Design used to create the look and feeling of action and to guide the viewer's eye to focal points throughout the work of art. Such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shapes, colors or value.
Rhythm: A Principle of Design, it refers to the careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat. Rhythm can be Random, Regular, Alternating, Progressive or Flowing.
Emphasis: A Principle of Design, it refers to a way of combining elements to stress the differences between those elements and attract the viewer's attention.
Unity: Principle of Design where artists plans and provides a cohesive quality that makes an artwork feel complete and finished. When all the elements in a work look as though they belong together, the artist has achieved a feeling of wholeness or oneness in a work of art.
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